HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE RESEARCH & NEWS

Intramuscular Injection Information and Procedures

Both Testosterone and Human Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy can be delivered through injection. Although Testosterone can be delivered in multiple ways, including patch, spray, cream, and dermal implant, many people prefer to deliver the hormone via injection.

Even though both HGH and Testosterone can be administered using a needle, they are injected in different ways. Whereas HGH is injected beneath the skin using an insulin needle, Testosterone is delivered directly into the muscle using a method known as Intramuscular Injection.

This article will more fully explain Intramuscular Injections, and it will also describe the actual protocol used for injection.

Why Do We Deliver Some Medicines Intramuscularly?

Intramuscular Injections are Safer

There are many reasons why some medications are delivered Intramuscularly, as compared to Intravenously or Subcutaneously. In comparison to Intravenous Injections, Intramuscular Injections are considered safer than Intravenous Injections.

Intramuscular Injections are Easier

In addition to this, Intramuscular Injections are much easier to perform than Intravenous Injections. With an Intravenous Injection, it is necessary to target and hit a vein in order to deliver the medication. This is easier for some patients than others. Some patients have deeper veins which are harder to target, and others have rolling veins, or veins that shift as the needle pierces the skin, making it hard to actually find the vein with a needle.

Intravenous Injections can Cause Damage

Intravenous Injections can also damage the veins, whereas muscle fibers are constructed in a way where the damage caused by an injection is negligible. Both Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Injections are easier and safer to perform than Intravenous Injections. Intravenous Injections are generally preferred for drugs which "drip" into the system, meaning that they supply a slow and constant supply of medication into the blood stream.

Intramuscular Injections are Fast Acting, but Release Can Be Controlled

Intramuscular Injections act faster than Subcutaneous Injections, but still deliver the medication to the body over the course of a number of hours. Many drugs used via Intramuscular Injection, like Testosterone Hormone Replacement Therapy, contain ester compounds in order to slow the release of medication into the bloodstream. Ester compounds have relatively long half-lives, and release Testosterone slowly over time.

Some Testosterone Esters break down completely over a relatively brief period of time-only a few days. Other Testosterone Esters, like Testosterone Cypionate and Testosterone Enanthate, take one-to-two weeks to release the entire dose into the blood stream. This is one reason why many patients choose Testosterone Injections over less invasive methods. Most popular Testosterone Shots only have to be delivered every week or two, whereas most other forms must be applied on a daily basis. Testosterone Dermal Implants deliver Testosterone for an even longer period of time, but this form of treatment is much newer and less popular than other forms.

Do Intramuscular Injections Hurt?

The pain associated with injection is considered slightly greater than the pain associated with Intravenous Injection, but the majority of users find the pain tolerable and quite bearable.

Where are Intramuscular Injections Delivered?

Intramuscular Injections are delivered into muscle tissue that is just beneath the Subcutaneous layer underneath the skin. This muscle tissue is known as Striated tissue.

What Size of Needle is Used for Intramuscular Injection?

The needles used for Intramuscular injection are slightly larger than those used from Subcutaneous injection. The needles are usually 1-1.5 inches in length and gauge between 19 and 22. There are certain muscles that contain more striated muscle tissue than others, and these are considered the ideal location to perform Intramuscular Injection. These muscles are the muscles of the thigh (vastus lateralis), the upper arm (deltoids), and the buttocks (gluteal).

The gauge and length of the needle depends upon the amount of fat at the injection site. Individuals that have higher levels of body fat need longer needles than those that don't. In the case that the needle is not long enough to pierce into the striated muscle tissue, the medication will be delivered into adipose fat tissue rather than the intended muscle.

This is a more significant issue with women than for men, because women biologically produce higher levels of fat than men. Injections that are delivered into the body-fat are known as Intralipomatous Injections. If injections are accidentally delivered into fatty tissue, this has the potential to severely restrict the ability of medication to release into the body quickly and effectively, because there are very few veins in fat tissue, and this slows down the dispersion of the medication.

Rotating injection Sites with Intramuscular Injections

When patients are required to undergo multiple Intramuscular Injections over a certain period of time, it is vitally important to change injections sites with every subsequent shot. Testosterone Injections are an example of a medical therapy which requires multiple shots ranging generally from four per week to once every two weeks. Repeatedly performing injections into the same site can damage muscle tissue, and cause skin tissue to weaken and pit as well.

Dosage Volumes with Intramuscular Injection

Like Subcutaneous Injections, Intramuscular Injections are intended for relatively small doses of medication, although muscle tissue can effectively absorb and distribute a higher volume of medication without causing and major issues. Subcutaneous Injections max out at a volume of 2 milliliters no matter where the shot is administered. For Intramuscular Injection, the maximum dosage depends on the size and location of the muscle which is chosen for injection.

Some muscles can accept less medication than others. The thighs and deltoids, for example, can only intake around two milliliters of medication, but the glutes can safely tolerate up to five milliliters of medication. Intramuscular injections are generally reserved for strong and potent medications and treatments, such as Sermorelin Acetate Therapy and Testosterone Hormone Replacement Therapy for this reason.

What Areas Should I Avoid When Injecting Intramuscularly?

When attempting to deliver your Intramuscular Medication, there are certain things you want to avoid. It is important to deliver the injection far away from any blood vessels and major nerves. If a needle clips a nerve, this will be very painful, and it will also do damage to the nerve. Nicking a blood vessel is bad because Intramuscular Injections are not intended for Intravenous application, and many intramuscular medications can actually be dangerous if they are injected into a vein. Testosterone Injections, for example, are delivered via oil solutions so that they soak more readily into muscle tissue, but if oil directly enters the blood stream, this can cause dangerous cardiovascular issues such as embolism or blockage.

Oil bubbles act just like air bubbles or other physical obstructions in the blood stream. It is incredibly easy to avoid this, however, because you will know if you hit a vein because blood will enter the syringe when you pull the plunger back. This process is known as aspiration.

You should also avoid any area of the skin which is irregular or damaged. Delivering an injection through a patch of skin that is infected can greatly increase the chance that you will experience a blood infection. You should also avoid scarred or irritated skin as well.

Side-Effects of Intramuscular Injection

If you experience any of the following issues as a result of Intramuscular Injection, discuss them with your doctor:

• Scar Formation Can be avoided by rotating injection sites properly and performing injections carefully

• Skin Sloughing Can be avoided by rotating injection sites properly

• Hematoma Can be avoided by insuring that injections are not delivered into veins

• Embolism Can be avoided by insuring that injections are not delivered into veins

• Cysts Injecting too close too nerves can lead to cyst formation

• Abcesses Abcesses can occur as a result of infection. Always carefully sterilize all equipment, wash hands thoroughly, and clean the injection site

Why Choose Intramuscular Injections Over Intravenous Injections?

Although Intravenous Injections are the only choice for delivering large amounts of medication very quickly, Intramuscular Injections are ideal for delivering a small to moderate amount of medication over an extended period of time. One reason why this is so is because Intramuscular Injections are released slowly by the muscle tissue into the blood supply.

When an Intramuscular Injection is delivered, it forms a deposit in the muscle tissue known as a Depot. This pocket of medication within the muscle tissue drains slowly into the blood stream over time. Absorption rates depend upon multiple physiological factors, including circulation to the muscle, the depth at which the medication was injected, the type of drug formulation, and the amount of exercise that the muscle receives.

How Formulations Affect Absorption

Intramuscular Injections are very versatile because they can be formulated to release into the body at various different rates. Water/Saline Solutions are metabolized by the body at the fastest rate. Oil solutions take much longer to release into the body.

In addition to this, medications can be designed as colloids or suspensions in either oil or water formulations in order to further increase absorption rate. Drugs can also be chemically combined with various forms of salt in order to decrease solubility. This works exceptionally well within oil solutions, because oil absorbs salt very slowly.

Drugs like Testosterone Cypionate and Testosterone Proprionate are attached to ester compounds so that they are released slowly over an extended period of time. Esters are very effective at providing a large number of dispersion rates, because Esters Dissolve from their host into the blood stream at a rate which is specifically correlated with the number of carbon molecules attached to the ester.

This means that Bio-Identical Testosterone can be released into the blood stream over the course of a day or over the course of two weeks simply as a result of the size of the ester molecule.

What Type of Medications Are Delivered Intramuscularly?

There are various forms of medication that are delivered via the Intramuscular route, including:

• Haldol

• Ativan

• Morphine

• Codeine

There are also many nutrients and hormones that are delivered via Intramuscular Injection:

• Progesterone

• Testosterone

• HCG

• Vitamin B12

• Plasma Injections

Many forms of vaccinations are delivered Intramuscularly. Including:

• Flu Vaccines

• Rabies Shots

• Hepatitis A Vaccinations

• HPV Innoculations

How To Perform an Intramuscular Injection

There are a different set of guidelines for exactly how to deliver an Intramuscular Injection, dependent upon the muscle that you will inject the medication. Some muscles may require you to stretch the skin and bunch the muscle, whereas other locations may require you to stretch both the muscle and the skin. There are some rules that are universal, however:

• Always wash your hands thoroughly before injection.

• If someone else is delivering the injection, they should wear gloves under any circumstances.

• Always disinfect the space in which you will perform the injection.

• Always clean the injection site prior to injection.

• Never use medication which is out of date.

• Always store medications properly.

• Administer the injection into relaxed muscle to maximize effectiveness and minimize pain.

• Always use a needle that is of a length appropriate to the injection site.

• Never let the tip of the needle make unnecessary contact.

• When drawing medication, always release any air trapped within the needle by turning it upwards, tapping the syringe, and pressing the air out with the plunger until all bubbles are released. Injecting even a single bubble of air is very dangerous and can cause numerous complications.

• Aspirate the needle slightly before injection to insure that you have not hit a vein. If you have, you will have to adjust the injection site.

• Always dispose of needles in an approved SHARPS container. Used needles are biohazardous waste and must be treated with extreme caution and care.

Intramuscular Injection into the Deltoid:

Deltoid Injections must be delivered by a second party, because it requires two hands to deliver the injection. This injection-site is generally utilized for vaccinations and medications which cause little irritation. This location is intended for small amounts of medication ranging from 1-2 milliliters in volume. For patients that have very low muscle mass, Deltoid Injections may not be an option.

To choose an appropriate location for Deltoid Injection, start at the bone of the shoulder and move about an inch and a half beneath the process. This muscle is triangular in shape, with its widest portion at the top of the muscle. Inject into an area at or near the thickest part of the muscle, which is in the center of the triangle.

It is important to inject in the central portion of the muscle, because the Radial Nerve and Brachial Artery are located just on the outer edge of the Deltoids.

For this location, stretch out the skin and grip down around the muscle, squeeze your fingers together so that the skin remains tight, but you have squeezed the muscle. Insert the needle into the muscle at a 90 degree angle.

Intramuscular Injection into the top of the Thigh (Vastus Laterus):

This location disperses medication quicker then the buttocks, but slower than the deltoids. The appropriate location to inject into the top of the thigh is between one hand-width beneath the groin and one hand-width above the knee. In this window, choose a location near the thickest part of the muscle.

Thigh injections are often preferred by individuals that self-inject, because it is easy to access the thigh muscle from either a prone or sitting position.

Stretch the skin tightly in order to reduce the distance that the needle must travel. Inset the needle at a right angle to the leg, directly into the muscle. At this location, you can deliver up to two milliliters of medication per injection.

Intramuscular Injection into the Hip (Ventrogluteal):

The Ventrogluteal site is widely considered to be the best location to deliver an intramuscular injection, either via self-administration or via the assistance of a second party. This location represents the thickest portion of the glutes, as this area includes both the Gluteus minimus and the Gluteus medius. This area also has some the thinnest layer of fat tissue among anywhere in the gluteal region. It is also the safest area to deliver injection, because there are no veins or nerves in range of the needle in this area, so you are primarily attempting to avoid bone. Using this injection site, it is safe to deliver up to two milliliters of medication.

Locate the outer protrusion of the upper femur, known as the prochanter. Then locate the protrusion of the hip bone, known as the Iliac Crest. Move your hand forward until you reach the point of the crest furthest from the center. This is known as the Anterior Iliac Crest. You will deliver the injection at a point equidistant from both of these protrusions. Laterally, the injection site will be located halfway between the center of the crest and the front of the crest. In your mind, this should form an upside-down triangle.

Aim for a location in the center of the triangle, equally far away from both bones. Tighten the skin around the injection site, then deliver the needle directly into the muscle at a 90 degree angle.

Intramuscular Injection into the Buttock (Gluteus medius):

In this location, injections can only be administered by a second party. This location is ideal for larger injections of up to five milliliters. You must be very careful when delivering an injection to this location, because the superior gluteal artery and the sciatic nerve are located only about three centimeters away from the injection site, making it vitally important that the injection is delivered to the correct location based off of physiological landmarks.

Every time this injection is performed, it is important to physically locate both the Posterior Iliac Crest and the Trochanter. This area also has a large amount of fat, and requires longer needles than many other sites. The amount of fat tissue also slows down absorption, which should be taken into account when choosing this location.

Locate the protrusion of the upper femur, known as the trochanter. Then, locate the Posterior Iliac Crest. Place your hand on the central portion of the protrusion of the hipbone and move your hand back until you reach the portion of the bone furthest from the median. You may notice that many individuals have dimples located directly above this bone.

Imagine that there is a line which stretches directly from the Posterior Iliac Crest to the Trochanter. Move to the center of this line, then follow the line one inch further upward. This is the ideal injection site. Stretch the skin taut and deliver the needle directly into this point at a 90 degree angle.

The Versatility of Resveratrol

Resveratrol research is one of the most exciting and active areas of Anti-Aging and Longevity Research. Resveratrol is a natural compound which comes from grapes, cocoa, and various other natural food products. The more that we learn about this amazing compound, the more medical opportunities reveal themselves. In this article, we will discuss a number of exciting potential benefits that scientists have been studying in recent years.

Resveratrol Acts as an Anti-Oxidant

There is evidence that suggests that Resveratrol may offer some benefits to the body as an Anti-Oxidant. Anti-Oxidants are molecules which have the capability to safeguard the body from free radicals. Free radicals are rogue electrons that result either from chemical reactions within the body, or from outside sources like sunlight. It is inevitable that the body will create these free radicals, as they are the result of the complex chemical reactions which keep us alive.

In comes Anti-Oxidants: Anti-Oxidants act as a protective shield, preventing these free radicals from causing more damage than the body can repair. Although other Anti-Oxidants such as Vitamin E and Vitamin C offer more Anti-Oxidant protection, Resveratrol has the potential to offer some assistance to the body in this capacity. Although it may be beneficial, don't skip out on your on your daily Vitamin C, because the Anti-Oxidant power of this and other vitamins and nutrients outweigh that of Resveratrol.

Resveratrol Both Stimulates and Slows Down Estrogen Production

Estrogen is one of a relatively large group of hormones known as Steroids. Estrogen is primarily considered a female hormone, although it is produced by males as well. Resveratrol seems to have the capacity to both inhibit and encourage the production of Estrogen in the human body, dependent upon the type of tissue in question. Further research is required to see exactly how Resveratrol may be used in order to treat estrogen-related issues such as Menopause and Breast Cancer.

Resveratrol is molecularly similar to a common Estrogen booster known as diethylstilbestrol. This similarity is what causes the hormone to encourage Estrogen Reception in certain parts of the body. The differences between the two structures is what makes Resveratrol function as an Estrogen Antagonist in certain circumstances.

Resveratrol as an Anti-Cancer Supplement

Resveratrol may be able to safeguard the body against cancer in a number of different ways. One way that seems particularly beneficial, is that there is strong evidence that Resveratrol has the ability to increase the rate at which the body expels carcinogens which increase the risk of cancer when they remain in the body for too long.

Also, Resveratrol seems to prevent certain types of carcinogenic cells within the body from ever activating. Many cancer-causing agents have to be exposed to certain forms of stimuli before they become active. Resveratrol may be able to prevent this activation from occurring in some types of cancer-causing agents. These two anti-carcinogenic functions are interconnected, because these unactivated cancer-causing agents are evacuated from the body faster those that are activated.

Resveratrol May Limit the Ability of Certain Cancers to Propagate

Research has shown that Resveratrol has the ability to limit the activity of many types of cancerous tissue. After a DNA molecule has been pathologically altered, it is possible for the cell to freeze the process of cell reproduction in order to fix the broken DNA molecule, or to choose to self-destruct in order to preserve the integrity of the entire organism, if it is not possible to effectively restore the health of the DNA.

If cells with malfunctioning DNA are able to reproduce, this can lead to mutations which can eventually lead to cancer. There is evidence that Resveratrol has the ability to increase the capacity for self-regulation at the cellular level, encouraging malfunctioning cells to break down. Some research has shown that Resveratrol is able to convince certain types of cancer cells to shut down and die off.

Cancer cells function much differently than normal healthy cells. Cancer cells are normal cells that begin replicating out of control, and no longer have a functional means to suspend cell reproduction. Resveratrol seems to be able to enter these cancerous cells, recognize that there is a severe issue which threatens the host, and induce apoptosis, killing the cancer cell as it should have died when it first became abnormal.

In addition to preventing cancer and the cell division of mutated cells, Resveratrol may be able to prevent certain types of cancer from spreading. In initial studies, Resveratrol has the capacity to prevent the dispersal of certain enzymes which allow cancers to spread. In addition to this, there is some laboratory evidence that Resveratrol can also prevent the synthesis of abnormal blood vessel development which feeds blood to the cancer site.

More Information about Resveratrol and Cancer

There are many types of cancer that Resveratrol may be able to treat. Among the types of cancer which have shown promising results in regard to Resveratrol Cancer Treatment are cancers of the thyroid, pancreas, colon, stomach, prostate, and breast. In all of these forms of cancer, Resveratrol has been able to stop or slow the development of cancerous tissue in vitro.

In animal research, Resveratrol has been shown to slow down or stop the development of breast cancer, intestinal cancer, and cancer of the esophagus. In these cases, cancers were caused by the ingestion of carcinogens. Although Resveratrol has shown levels of promise in these forms of cancer, research has shown that Resveratrol does not alter the advancement of lung cancer caused by smoking when taken orally.

Resveratrol and Colon Cancer

In the case of colon cancer, oral administration of Resveratrol in mice with a predisposition toward colon cancer has produced varied results. In other studies using rats, however, Resveratrol seems to reduce the risk of developing colon cancer in the presence of known carcinogens which cause the disease. There is no clear evidence that Resveratrol can protect the body against cancer in human patients, but the body of research seems somewhat promising that the supplement has at least some protective capacity.

Currently, medical trials are being performed in order to discover if Resveratrol has the capacity to reduce cancer risk in human patients, or may provide some benefits to those currently fighting against cancer. Research regarding Resveratrol Metabolism in Humans shows that increasing the amount of Resveratrol consumed in the diet may not produce a high enough level of Resveratrol in the body to preserve the body against cancer, but this does not mean that Resveratrol may not be useful in regard to cancer treatment.

In the future, it is very likely that medical forms of Resveratrol, or medications derived from Resveratrol, may be highly beneficial in treating certain forms of cancer.

Anti-Inflammatory Resveratrol Benefits

At it's core, inflammation is an attempt by the body to heal itself, although inflammation often causes more problems than it resolves. Inflammation increases the rate at which cells in the inflamed area divide, and this process also slows down the rate at which cells die off. There is evidence that Resveratrol may have the capability to limit certain enzymes which encourage the process of inflammation.

Many hypothesize that Resveratrol may be an effective means to limit inflammation and reduce pain and discomfort related to inflammation. There is no downside to increasing Resveratrol intake in order to attempt to alleviate inflammation. It may even prevent the need for unhealthy acetaminophen products in some patients!

Anti-Aging Benefits of Resveratrol

There is significant evidence that the dietary act of Caloric Restriction can produce health benefits in at least some types of animals. Caloric-Restriction is a form of diet in which an organism only consumes around 70% of their normal recommended daily value of calories, while maintaining proper nutrition in every other aspect of diet.

Caloric restriction has been particularly successful in mammalian studies, a class to which we as humans belong. In a study performed with yeast, it was proven that restriction of calories increases the physiological response of an enzyme by the name of SIR-2. Resveratrol also has the ability to increase the response of SIR-2 in yeast, in a manner which mimics that of Caloric Restriction. It was also discovered that Resveratrol has the capacity to increase the lifespans of fruit flies and worms as well.

Resveratrol Increases the Lifespan of Various Members of the Animal Kingdom

In the case of yeast, Resveratrol was able to extend the period during which yeast could actively replicate by seventy percent. Among more complex organisms, Resveratrol was able to extend the life of one species of fish known as the Turquoise Killfish. Resveratrol has also been shown to extend the lifespans of mice as well. In one piece of research, the benefits of Resveratrol equaled those of Caloric Restriction in mice.

Scientists added Resveratrol to the diet of mice which were on a high-caloric regimen, and the extension in lifespan that resulted was very near that of mice that were fed under the guidelines of Caloric Restriction.

Resveratrol Boosts SIRT-1 Stimulation

There is strong evidence that the same benefits of Resveratrol in rats and other species may apply to humans as well. The human equivalent of SIR-2 is SIRT-1, and in vitro, Resveratrol has the capacity to vastly increase the stimulative response of SIRT-1. It is unclear whether ingested Resveratrol will have this exact same effect in humans, but other treatment options will likely arise as a result of this research, even if the benefits in regard to SIRT-1 activity are not achieved through dietary consumption alone.

Although dietary use of Resveratrol may not directly stimulate SIRT-1 activity, there is evidence that lower dosage of Resveratrol consumption has the ability to improve the function of the brain, heart, and skeletal system in rodent subjects, similarly to a diet of calorie-restriction. Resveratrol promoted Anti-Aging activity in these subjects, slowing down the rate of natural cardiovascular decline as a natural product of aging. Scientists of in the process of studying the effects of Resveratrol on human cardiovascular health.

The Future of Resveratrol

Although there is still a lot of research to be done in regard to the health impact of Resveratrol in human patients, it is clear that Resveratrol produces many benefits without any particular negative risk associated with its consumption. We encourage patients to seek out sources of Resveratrol in order to supplement their diet with this natural and potent health-booster.

In our next article we will discuss the potential benefits of Resveratrol in regard to the Heart and Cardiovascular System.

Study Displays the Benefits of Resveratrol

Scientists have recently come to the conclusion that Resveratrol has the ability to produce significant benefits in regard to Anti-Aging, as well as overall health and wellness. A recent study conducted by Harvard medical scientists confirms a long-standing hypothesis that Resveratrol is an incredibly beneficial supplemental nutrient. One of the most well known sources of Resveratrol is red wine, although red grapes confer the benefit as well, in addition to dark chocolate and other foods.

Resveratrol Increases SIRT-1 Release

This piece of research was conducted in early March of 2013, and illuminates the process by which Resveratrol interacts with the human physiology. Researchers found that Resveratrol works by increasing the secretion of a hormone known as SIRT-1. SIRT-1 is a hormone which is intricately linked to cellular efficiency and longevity. SIRT-1 also increases the body's resistance to disease by increasing the rate of mitochondrial activity.

In addition to discovering how Resveratrol is able to stimulate hormone production, scientists also discovered the exact genetic link which causes Resveratrol to produce its stimulative effects. The researchers also hypothesize that a number of pharmaceuticals now in the process of clinical assessment may be able to stimulate these same benefits in regard to longevity.

Researchers Optimistic about Resveratrol

The research team responsible for this discovery is incredibly excited and optimistic about the findings of the study. The lead researcher, Dr. David Sinclair, explains that Resveratrol achieves something that he has yet to witness from any other drug. The rate at which Resveratrol increases mitochondria metabolism is absolutely unprecedented.

Dr. Sinclair is a genetics professor at Harvard Med School. He is also a scientific consultant, as well as one of the founders, of Sirtris, a company related to the pharmaceutical giant GlaxoSmithKline. Sinclair goes on to say that there are very few drugs that have the capacity to increase cellular metabolism, and that most drugs that interact at this level actually block or depress this form of metabolism.

Resveratrol is an Anti-Oxidant as Well as a Phytoalexin

Although Western Scientists are just beginning to learn about Resveratrol, it is a chemical which is present in nature, most commonly in cocoa and grapes. In countries such as China and Japan, Resveratrol has been used as an herbal treatment for centuries. Resveratrol belongs to a potent class of compounds known as antioxidants that preserve cellular health at the molecular level, safeguarding the cells from outside damage, as well as damage caused by internal processes of organic function.

Resveratrol not only has Antioxidant capabilities, it also produces anti-inflammatory and immune-strengthening benefits. Resveratrol belongs to a classification known as Phytoalexin, which is a group of microscopic compounds which prevent microbes from establishing presence on plants. In addition to this, Phytoalexins have the capacity to increase the resiliency of plants, preserving them from dangers such as environmental change, infection, and excess sunlight.

Other Benefits of Resveratrol

Resveratrol has been found to be connected to a number of different preservative benefits in human beings, safeguarding the body against both diabetes and obesity while having an immensely positive effect upon the cardiovascular system. In regard to the heart and the blood stream, Resveratrol has been proven to alleviate excess blood clotting, normalize LDL Cholesterol levels, and open up blood vessels, reducing blood pressure. Resveratrol also seems to have a stimulative effect upon Nitric Oxide production.

Resveratrol Controversy: Was Early Resveratrol Research Falsified?

Although studies in the past pointed to the potential benefits of Resveratrol, earlier researchers were accused of falsifying results in order to make Resveratrol look more beneficial than it actually is. In early 2013, rumors began to fly that Dr. Dipak Das, the author of a number of studies regarding Resveratrol was serially fluffing up the results. The results of this study vindicate Dr. Das, and provide further evidence that Resveratrol produces specific benefits in ways that have not been replicated anywhere else in nature.

There were two primary sources of conflict in regard to Dr. Das' study. The first conflict was primarily in regard to the data itself. Many researchers question whether Resveratrol was actually increasing the release of SIRT-1 directly, or if some other conflicting influence was actually producing the displayed benefit.

The second conflict inferred something more sinister. Some scientists were so awed by the level of SIRT-1 stimulation, that they did not believe that the results could be produced without outside tampering. They believed that the vastly increased SIRT-1 activation was the result of researcher manipulation rather than a natural biological process.

New Resveratrol Study Resolves Controversy

In this Harvard Resveratrol Study, researchers came to the conclusion that high levels of Resveratrol are likely to be incredibly beneficial in preserving the health of aging men and women. Dr. Sinclair explains that he and his staff had worked for six years in order to prove that Resveratrol does indeed increase SIRT-1 production, and that they had their first confirmation in 2006, using laboratory mice in order to show proof of benefit.

After 2006, the goal of research went from proving the impact of Resveratrol, to uncovering the underlying genetic component which causes Resveratrol to activate within the human body. Surprisingly, the conclusion that the researchers came to was incredibly clean cut.

How Does Resveratrol Work?

In the process of attempting to showcase the link between SIRT-1 and Resveratrol, researchers found that Resveratrol was chemically very similar to a few different natural amino acids, including Tryptophan, which is common in certain meats and food products such as turkey. After discovering a potential link between Tryptophan and Resveratrol, they attempted to activate SIRT-1 molecules in a laboratory setting in order to more fully establish the link. They were successful.

After making this link, Dr. Sinclair and his research team studied two thousand separate mutations of the SIRT-1 gene in order to find out exactly in what manner Resveratrol functioned. As they studied these various mutations, they discovered one form of mutated gene which did not respond to Resveratrol stimulation.

After they pinpointed the location of Resveratrol activation, they were able to go into normal genes and turn off that single gene in an otherwise perfectly normal genetic code. Scientists cultured skin and muscle cells that had the gene for Resveratrol turned off. Then, they tested the culture with Resveratrol and other pharmaceuticals which impacted the same gene. In control cells, Resveratrol produced its hypothesized stimulatory function. Experimental cells no longer benefited from Resveratrol exposure.

Dr. Sinclair's Resveratrol Study Answers Many Questions

Dr. Sinclair says that this was the experiment that connected all of the dots. After conducting this experiment, it became perfectly clear that Resveratrol does in fact stimulate SIRT-1 secretion. Now that the researchers have made the connections, this paves the way for further scientific study in order to look at how Resveratrol stimulates SIRT-1 production, and re-engineer the hormone in order to produce an even stronger stimulative effect.

The Doctor is not only interested in producing a more robust and stimulative form of Resveratrol. He wants to learn more about the benefits of Resveratrol, and commit to further scientific study in order to examine the capacity of Resveratrol to benefit healthy individuals.

Resveratrol Research Enlightens Our Understanding of Aging

Therapeutic Resveratrol Treatment is very near on the horizon, and the benefits seem to be astounding. These findings in regard to Resveratrol provide further evidence that the aging process is more complicated, and less inevitable, than we previously imagined. Every year, it is going to get easier to break the threshold of 100 years. Although some aspects of aging are irreversible, it is becoming clear that more and more conditions which were once thought to simply be the result of aging, are actually the result of hormone imbalance and other medical issues which are actually damaging health.

One day we may even find that the majority of aging symptoms are the result of malfunctions of this sort. The process of evolution was not designed to produce an Ageless Man, but it is becoming clear that there are numerous ways that we can chemically and biologically alter our personal physiology in order to alter and prolong the normal common track of human life and existence.

Many Scientists are Intrigued by the Possibilities of Resveratrol

There are many in the scientific community that share Dr. Sinclair's enthusiasm about Resveratrol. Dr. Leonard Guarente, another Sirtris science consultant, and MIT biologist, believes that Resveratrol is the real deal. He believes that Resveratrol research and development will inevitably lead to profoundly beneficial results (and financial success for those who invest in Resveratrol).

Resveratrol Converting Skeptics

The findings of this study are so clear and certain, that they are even converting former skeptics and detractors into believers. Dr. Brian Kennedy, CEO and President of the Buck Institute for Research on Aging, was once incredibly skeptical in regard to initial Resveratrol research, because he did not believe that positive results in yeast would carry over into human physiology. Now that early research has been supported, and it has been shown that Resveratrol indeed activates human cells, Dr. Kennedy has changed his mind about Resveratrol, and is optimistic that further research will yield real benefits.

It is becoming increasingly clear that in spite of how different we seem, living organisms share an immense and awe-inspiring level of biological continuity.